Carrier Materials Used in Biofertilizer Production

In biofertilizer production, carrier materials serve as crucial delivery media that maintain the vitality of beneficial microorganisms from the laboratory to the field. Their core function is to protect microorganisms, facilitate their survival and reproduction, and ensure effective colonization in the soil after application. Based on differences in sources and characteristics, carrier materials for biofertilizers are mainly divided into four categories, each with unique advantages and application scenarios. Meanwhile, the selection of carrier materials in 2026 will continue to focus on sustainability and functional optimization, guiding the development direction of carrier material applications.

Soil-based and mineral carriers are preferred for their cost-effectiveness and wide availability in various regions. Peat, with its high organic matter content and excellent water-holding capacity, has historically been the most widely used carrier globally. Clays and minerals are another important subgroup, including kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, and diatomaceous earth. These materials are frequently used due to their moisture absorption capacity and ability to maintain air permeability, creating a suitable microenvironment for microorganisms. Coal-based carriers such as lignite and charcoal (or biochar) feature porous structures, which can shield microorganisms from desiccation and environmental stress, extending their survival period.