Biofertilizers, as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical fertilizers, play a vital role in sustainable agriculture. In 2026, the production of biofertilizers relies on three core categories of raw materials: biological agents (beneficial microorganisms), nutrient-rich growth media, and carrier materials that maintain microbial viability. These raw materials work synergistically to ensure the activity of beneficial microorganisms from production to application, enabling them to promote plant growth and improve soil health. A clear understanding of these raw materials is essential for grasping the production logic and application value of biofertilizers.